Nickel/cobalt sensor (RcnR + CRISPRi)

Detects nickel and cobalt in water. The native E. coli RcnR metal-responsive repressor gates a CRISPRi circuit driving a visible chromoprotein, in safe E. coli K-12.

Environmental contaminantBSL-1 chassistemplatenickelcobaltheavy-metalwaterenvironmentalCRISPRichromoprotein
Input
Nickel Ni(II) / Cobalt Co(II)
Environmental contaminant
Sense
CRISPRi-repression
dCas9 (S. pyogenes, catalytically dead)
Chassis
E. coli K-12 (MG1655)
BSL-1
Output
amilCP
pigment

What it detects

Analyte
Nickel Ni(II) / Cobalt Co(II) — RcnR responds from sub-µM Ni(II)/Co(II)
Category
Environmental contaminant
Signal
Bioavailable nickel and cobalt in water

Genetic circuit

⤢ click to enlarge

Genetic construct (SBOL)

The DNA construct as transcription units, drawn with SBOL Visual part glyphs.

⤢ click to enlarge

CRISPR sensing mechanism

Strategy
CRISPRi-repression · NOT logic
Cas protein
dCas9 (S. pyogenes, catalytically dead)
Analyte sensor
RcnR represses the rcnAB efflux promoter (PrcnA) and is released when it binds Ni(II)/Co(II).
Signal flow
Ni/Co -> RcnR releases PrcnA -> transcribes an anti-pigment sgRNA -> dCas9 + sgRNA repress a constitutive amilCP cassette (CRISPRi) -> pigment fades with metal (NOT). Pair an inverter for colour-on.

Safe chassis

E. coli K-12 (MG1655)Escherichia coli

The non-pathogenic laboratory workhorse. K-12 strains have lost the ability to colonize the human gut and are the reference BSL-1 host for genetic engineering, with the deepest tooling of any bacterial chassis.

BSL-1

Genetic parts

PartRoleSource / id
RcnR regulator
Ni(II)/Co(II)-responsive repressor; endogenous to E. coli.
regulatorNative E. coli rcnR
PrcnA promoter
De-repressed by metal-bound RcnR.
promoterE. coli rcnAB promoter
Anti-pigment sgRNAsgRNAdesigned against the amilCP promoter
sgRNA scaffold (SpCas9)
GTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGCAAGTTAAAATAAGGCTAGTCCGTTATCAACTTGAAAAAGTGGCACCGAGTCGGTGC
sgRNAStandard SpCas9 scaffold
dCas9dCas9Qi et al. 2013 (CRISPRi)
amilCP chromoprotein
Naked-eye pigment.
reporterBBa_K592009

Output & readout

Type
pigment
Reporter
amilCP
Readout
Visible pigment (naked eye / smartphone)
Positive result
Pigment change reports nickel/cobalt concentration.

Performance

Limit of detection
RcnR module: sub-µM Ni(II)/Co(II) (module-validated).
Dynamic range
~0.1-10 µM
Response time
~180 min
Device validated
No — design template (parts validated individually)

RcnR senses both nickel and cobalt; integrated CRISPRi device is a design template.

Safety

Biosafety level
BSL-1 (non-pathogenic chassis)
GRAS chassis
No
Biocontainment
Lab/contained; add kill-switch for field use.
Field-deployable
Yes (with containment)

E. coli K-12 non-pathogenic BSL-1 host; instrument-free pigment readout.

Build & run

#StageStep
1designDesign anti-pigment sgRNA
Target the amilCP promoter; check host off-targets.
2assemblyAssemble units
TU1: PrcnA -> sgRNA (native RcnR). TU2: dCas9 + constitutive amilCP.
3transformationTransform E. coli K-12
Select; confirm baseline pigment without metal.
4inductionExpose to sample
Add water sample + Ni/Co standard curve.
5readoutScore colour
Compare pigment to the curve.

Source & parts

Design
Design template combining the native E. coli RcnR nickel/cobalt sensor with CRISPRi
Parts validated in
  • Iwig et al. 2006 / RcnR nickel-cobalt sensing (E. coli)
  • Qi et al. 2013, Cell (CRISPRi)
License
Parts per their original sources; design template CC BY 4.0